For AI agents: the complete documentation index is available at /llms.txt, the full documentation bundle is available at /llms-full.txt, and this page is available as Markdown at /reference/array/last.md.
Install massaman

    last es-toolkit

    Returns the last element of an array.

    const lastElement = last(arr);

    Usage

    last(arr)

    Use last when you want to get the last element of an array. If the array is empty, it returns undefined. This is useful when accessing data at the end of an array.

    import { last } from 'es-toolkit/array';

// Get the last element of a number array
const numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
last(numbers);
// Returns: 5

// Get the last element of a string array
const strings = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
last(strings);
// Returns: 'c'

// Empty array returns undefined
const emptyArray: number[] = [];
last(emptyArray);
// Returns: undefined

    Type handling is safe.

    import { last } from 'es-toolkit/array';

// For non-empty arrays, the type is certain
const nonEmptyArray = [1, 2, 3] as const;
last(nonEmptyArray);
// Returns: 3 (type: 3)

// For regular arrays, undefined is possible
const maybeEmptyArray = [1, 2, 3];
last(maybeEmptyArray);
// Returns: 3 | undefined (type: number | undefined)

    It works efficiently even with large arrays.

    import { last } from 'es-toolkit/array';

// Performance optimized
const largeArray = Array(1000000)
  .fill(0)
  .map((_, i) => i);
last(largeArray);
// Returns: 999999 (fast access)

// It can also handle nested arrays
const nested = [
  [1, 2],
  [3, 4],
  [5, 6],
];
last(nested);
// Returns: [5, 6]

    Parameters

    arrreadonly T[]required

    The array from which to get the last element.

    Returns

    The last element of the array. Returns undefined if the array is empty.

    T | undefined
    Source: es-toolkit

    Re-exported verbatim from es-toolkit. Implementation, edge cases, and performance behavior are owned upstream. This page mirrors the documentation at the pinned version; the linked source is authoritative.